Biography of Albert Einstein, Life History and Facts

Biography of Albert Einstein

Biography of Albert Einstein : Albert Einstein (German: Albert Einstein Albuquerque Einstein) (14 March 1879 - 18 April 1955) is a German-born Nobel Prize-winning physicist. He is famous for his theory of relativity and especially for his discovery of the formula for mass-energy equivalence. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. He is mentioned as the reason for his prize, for his contributions to theoretical physics, and especially for the study of light-action.

Einstein has done a lot of research in various fields of physics and his contributions to new inventions and discoveries are immense. The most famous special theory of relativity was the combination of force and magnetism, and the general theory of relativity established a new gravity theory by applying the theory of relativity to unequal motion. His other contributions include relativistic cosmology, capillary action, tropical perturbation, the ever-present problems of numerical mathematics and their application to quantum theory, an explanation of the Brownian motion of molecules, the probability of molecular tropics, a quasi-molecular thermodynamic, alkaline quantile gas (Formed the basis of photon theory), radiation There was also a theory in which the stimulated emission, the concept of a unified field theory and physics.

Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933, at which time he was a professor at the Berlin Academy of Science. Being a Jew, Einstein emigrated to America at that time and never returned to Germany. He became an American citizen in the United States and received American citizenship in 1940. Prior to the outbreak of World War II, he wrote a letter to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In the letter, he warned Germany to launch similar research, warning Germany "of making impossible impossible powerful bombs". It was through this letter that the Manhattan Project began. Einstein supported the Allied forces, but was against the use of nuclear bombs. Later, with the British philosopher Bertrand Russell, he wrote the Russell-Einstein Declaration, highlighting the dangers of a nuclear bomb. He was associated with Princeton University's Institute of Advanced Studies until his death in 1955.

Einstein's research work includes more than 50 scientific papers and some non-science books. In 1999 Time magazine declared Einstein "the best man of the century". In addition, it was reported by a vote of famous physicists, that almost everyone has recognized him as the best physicist of all time. That is, it is synonymous with merit.

Albert Einstein Biography

Early Childhood and Elementary Education :

Einstein was born in Ulm on 14 March, 1879  (the year of the death of James Clarke Maxwell, the most stein wfamous theoretical physicist of the 19th century). Einstein's parents were secular middle-class Jews. Father Herrmann Einstein originally designed and marketed feather beds. Later he set up an electrical appliance manufacturing factory in Munich and found great success. The company was named Elektrotechnische Fabrik J. Einstein & Cie, which first connected Oktoberfest in Munich and connected Schwabing with the first electric cable. Her mother, Pauline Kuch, was a family member. She had a sister named Maja. As a child, two things were born in his mind. First, at the age of five, he got a compass and was amazed at its use. How is the compass's compass changing due to invisible energy? From then on, he had a special fascination with invisible forces throughout his life. This book was so much fun to study that it has been called a "book of sacred little geometry" for a lifetime. His first school was Catholic Elementary School. Although not fluent, he was one of the most talented students in the elementary school

At the age of 12, Einstein suddenly became quite religious. Creator made many songs and verses in the school. His ability to speak was not very great, but he did very well in school. But after reading his book on science, his religious consciousness began to decline. Because scientific theories contradicted his religious beliefs. And the theories of science were certainly proven. In that case, the then Jewish-controlled education authorities were not particularly pleased with him. Einstein took the violin at the age of just 6 when it came to his mother's interest. Playing the violin couldn't make much sense, so he gave up. Later, however, he showed particular interest in Mozart's violin. At that time, he made various instruments by himself and showed them to others. From this time, he became known for his special interest in mathematics.

He became indifferent to the Prussian kind of education and conduct at the Luitpold Gymnasium, and was unable to cope. That education was enough to ruin creativity and originality. One teacher, however, sat down telling Einstein that nothing great would happen to him. At that time he had the special influence of a medical student named Max Talmud. He would occasionally eat dinner at their home. Thus, at one time Einstein's role as an undisclosed instructor came in. Talmud introduced him to higher mathematics and philosophy. At the age of 16, he became focused on a particular subject. Earlier, Talmud introduced him to Aaron Bernstein's children's science series (Naturwissenschaftliche Volksbucher, 1867-68). In this book, the author describes the experience of traveling with electricity or the passage of a telegraph cable. Einstein then asked himself, What would have happened if traveling with light like this? This question revolves around him for the next 10 years. He thought that traveling at the same speed with light would make the light appear, just like a solid wave. Since light is composed of waves, then fixed light waves will appear. But fixed light waves have never been seen or cannot be seen. This is where Hayley is born that makes her think. The Talmud introduced him to Euclid's Elements and Emanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason. You can find out Einstein's descending cause search process by reading Elements. After mastering the Euclidean geometry at the school level, he became obsessed with calculus. Einstein's father wanted the boy to be an electrical engineer, but he showed interest in pure knowledge. He is a great scientist.

Deportation :

When Einstein was 15, his father was constantly suffering from business loss. At that time his company failed to establish a lucrative deal to electrify a large part of the city of Munich. His family necessarily moved to Milan, Italy. There he started working with a relative. They stayed in Pavia for a few months after Milan. It was at this time that Einstein wrote the first scientific study of life, called "The Investigation of Ether Status in Magnetic Fields". Her life alone became sad. The stress of pursuing military duty made him reluctant to attend the school as a 16-year-old. Just six months after his separation from the family, he left Munich to visit his parents in Pavia. All of a sudden, they were surprised to find Albert present at the door. Parents can understand the school pressure on him. They did not attend any school in Italy. So Einstein lived a free life. No one seemed to expect his ability to be too promising. He left school after showing the doctor's medical excuse.

The days of Zurich :

It was then that Einstein had an opportunity. He was given the status of a full-fledged university at Eidgenössische Polytechnische Schule (Swiss Federal Polytechnic School, 1909 in Zurich, Switzerland, and was renamed Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technological Technology). If you pass the admission test only then take him Although he did not have a high school or equivalent degree, took admission tests, the results showed that he did well in physics and mathematics, but failed in French language, chemistry and biology, enrolling in polytechnics to do much good in mathematics. In either case, he has to go through the stages of normal schooling, which is what he does. Ta uintelara was carried out by a particular type of school, and graduated from there in 1896. He originally studied Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. At the same time in order to avoid military duties, he formally renounced his German citizenship, was the smati his father. He was not a citizen of any country for about five years. He got citizenship in Switzerland on February 21, 1901 , which he never left.

Einstein and his family had a special bond with the Wintella family. Winteler's daughter Sofia Marie-Jeanne Amanda Winteler (nicknamed Mary) was her first love. However, Mary moved to Walsburg for teaching while studying mathematics in ETH Zurich. Her younger sister Maja married Winteler's son, Paul, and his close friend Michelle Beso married their older daughter, Anna. Zurich's days were spent with his happiness. There he met many friends with whom he had a good time. Such as mathematician Marcel Grossman and Besso with whom he regularly discussed space and time. It was there that he met Mileva Merrick. Mileva was a Physics Fellow student from Serbia. Mileva was, in fact, the only student in the mathematics department at the university. They formed a friendship and later married this Mileva. Three children were born in their homes. Einstein's mother, however, did not like Mileva at first because she was not very good-looking, non-Jewish, and older. The exact cause is not known. Einstein graduated from ETH with a bachelor's degree in physics. It was at this time that Michel Besso introduced him to the writing of Ernst Makh. Shortly afterwards, his dissertation Annalen der Physik was published, which was about the capillary force through the tube.

Patent Office :

After graduating, Einstein found no teaching job. Wandered for a job for about 2 years. Two years later, the father of a former classmate offered him a job at a burn office. It was a patent office called the Federal Office for Intellectual Property. His job was to be an assistant examiner. His job was to inspect the incoming patents for electromagnetic devices. His job at the Swiss Patent Office became permanent in 1903. However, he was also told that he would not be promoted until he had mastered the technique of the art.

Michelle Besso, a classmate of Einstein's college, also worked in the patent office. They met regularly with two other friends in a burning space. The purpose of their meeting was to discuss science and philosophy, thus creating a club. Funnily enough, they named the club "The Olympia Academy". The people they read the most about were Ari Poincare, Ernst Mach and David Hume. These were largely influenced by Einstein's scientific and philosophical thinking.

General experts and historians think Einstein's merit was wasted in the days of the patent office. Because he had no connection with his interest in physics, and at that time he could have gone much further. But science historian Peter Galison disagrees. According to him, there are topics of interest in Einstein's later life, including on-time activities. For example, during his time working in the patent office, he did some research on the performance of electrical signals and the electro-mechanical adjustment of time. At that time, there were two major strategic problems in critical thinking. As he contemplated these problems, he understood the nature of light and the basic link between space and time.

Einstein married Mileva Merrick on January 6, 1903. Their relationship was not merely emotional, with a considerable amount of intellectual partnership involved. So later he said of Mileva, "Mileva is a creation that is equal to me and as powerful and independent as me." There is a debate over what role Eric played in his research. Of course, most historians think that Merrick had no role in Einstein's research.On May 14, 1904 , Albert and Milliev's first son, Hans Albert Einstein, was born. Their second son, Eduard Einstein, was born on July 7, 2005.

 Annus Mirabilis dissertation :

While working in the patent office in 1905, Einstein published four papers in the German science journal Annalen der Physik. He was still working in the patent office. These papers, published in Germany's leading science journals, have been called the Annas Mirabilis papers in history. The study had four topics:

·        Light Electrical Action - Einstein's equation of light electrical equation.

·        Brownian motion - Support for molecular theory.

·        Electromagnetism - Discovery of the special theory of relativity.

·        Mass-energy equivalence - proving the famous E = mc2 formula.

Four studies have been recognized as a phenomenon in the history of science, and because of this, that year is referred to as the "wonderful year" of Einstein's life. However, many of his theories were not proven at that time, and many scientists dismissed some excuses as false. For example, his views on the Quanta of Light were controversial for many years. At the age of 20, Einstein received his PhD from the University of Zurich. His advisor was Alfred Kleiner, a professor of experimental physics. His PED reference was called "A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions", a new calculation on molecular dimensions.

Begin Promotion and Teaching :

In 1906, the Patent Office promoted Einstein to the position of technical examiner. But he still continued his studies. He joined Burn University as a privatdozent in 1908. In 1910, he wrote a dissertation on tropical opacity. This explains the cumulative effect of light dispersed by a single molecule in the environment. It is through this that the mystery of why the sky looks blue is revealed. In the first, he said that Max Planck's energy-counter must have precise momentum and behave like an independent dotted particle. It is in this research that the photon concept is born. Of course, the word photon was first used by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1926. However, the real meaning of photons is only understood by Einstein's research, and this leads to the idea of ​​wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics. His other research paper was titled "dieber die entwicklung unserer Anschauungen über das Wesen und die Konstitution der Strahlung" (the development of our view of radiation structure and necessity), which is written on the quantization of light.

Einstein joined the University of Zurich as an associate professor. However, soon after, Charles was appointed a full professor at the University of Prague. During his stay in Prague, he wrote a dissertation on the effects of gravity on light, especially the gravitational red array and the gravitational deflection of light. Through this, astronomers discovered the cause of light deflection during the Solar eclipse. During this time, German astronomer Erwin Freundlich began to propagate Einstein's challenges to scientists.